Shadow mask having concave reflecting surface surrounding each aperture

ABSTRACT

In shadow-mask type color-television the differently colored dots of each group are superimposed upon each other by means of concave mirrors, each group having its individual mirror. These mirrors are located either on the shadow-mask or on the backside of the screen. The mirrors also add additional light to the screen.

United States Patent Schwarz 1 1 Oct. 2, 1973 [541 SHADOW MASK HAVING CONCAVE 3,256,388 6/1966 Miller 178/788 3,302,051 1/1967 Galginaitis 313/108 1) 3,139,340 6/1964 Hays ct al. 313/92 LF X EACH APERTURE 3,569,761 3/1971 Lange 313/92 B [76] Inventor; Peter Schwarz, 1501 Rexford Dr, 3,519,868 7/1970 Schwarz 313/85 Los Angeles, Calif. 90035 [22] Filed. May 11 1970 Primary Examiner-Robert Segal Attorney-Marvin Kleinberg [21] AppL No.: 36,294

[57] ABSTRACT [52] U.S. C1. 313/92 B, 313/85 S 51 m. Cl H01] 29/06, H01 j 31/20 Shadow-mask colm'televs'gn h d'fferemly [58] Field of Search 313 92 R 92 LF colmcd 0f each group are supeimpmed P 3313/92 each other by means of concave mirrors, each group having its individual mirror These mirrors are located [56] References Cited either on the shadow-mask or on the backside of the screen. The mirrors also add additional light to the UNITED STATES PATENTS screen 2,254,057 8/1941 Arni ct a1. 313/92 B X I 3.1141165 12/1963 Kaplan 313/92 B 1 Claim, 9 Drawing Figures SHADOW MASK HAVING CONCAVE REFLECTING SURFACE SURROUNDING EACH APERTURE In color-television of the shadow-mask type, the picture appears in groups of three differently colored dots, situated in a circle, near each other. The picture is in mosaic form. In other media like color-photography, cinematography printing, etc., the colors are superimposed, which result in a better quality picture. It is, therefore, the main object of this invention to create for color-television on the viewing screen, a picture where the colors of each point are superimposed. It is another object to add more light to the screen. A related system has been disclosed and claimed in my co- 1 pending application now US. Pat. No. 3,519,868.

It is well known that an essentially spherical concave mirror, which has as its radius of curvature the distance from the object to the mirror-surface, will reflect back to the object an image, which is real, in focus and of the same size. But the image is inverted. It is the principle of this invention, to provide each group of phosphor dots, which collectively comprise the color screen with such a mirror.

As shown in FIG. of the drawings, the letters R, G and B are the color-dots red, green and blue of one group as they are formed on the screen by the electron beams and in FIG. 6 there is shown the inverted image of the same group which is superimposed upon the group shown in FIG. 5. The result is not only a better quality picture like in the other media but also a much brighter picture This result is achieved since the viewed picture now more nearly approximates the original scene. Since each aperture of the shadow mask produces an elemental area, if 3 spots are controlled by each aperture the elemental area is reproduced as three independent monochromatic dots whereas in the present invention the elemental area would, in the preferred embodiment, be reproduced by no less than two dots in the single color case and by a light mixture in the multicolor case.

FIG. 1 Shows the general construction of a shadowmask color television tube.

FIG. 2 taken along the line 3--3 in the direction of the appended arrows Is one enlarged unit of the shadow-mask.

FIG. 3 Is a cross-section of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 Is a cross-section of another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 Shows the three colors as they are formed by means of the electron beams.

FIG. 6 Shows the three colors as they are reflected by the concave mirror.

FIG. 7 Represents another embodiment, the mirrors being adjacent to the phosphor screen.

FIG. 8 Contains four units of the shadow-mask showing the intervening spaces.

FIG. 9 Is still another embodiment, relating to big screen projection color-television.

In FIG. 1, l is a three gun structure with its associated circuits, which emits electron beams 2, 3 and 4. These beams pass through the shadow-mask 6 at the opening having the general number 10 and hit the three different phosphors on the screen 5. These phosphors emit light of 3 different colors; red, green and blue, forward toward the viewer and also backward toward the shadow-mask. The light going toward the shadow-mask is about 40 percent more than that going toward the viewer. The shadow-mask in this mode of the invention is of somewhat thicker construction, one unit of which is shown in FIGS. 2 and '3. Imbedded in the shadowmask material 6 around the opening 10 is an outer part of a single concave mirror 8 facing its group on the phosphor-screen. The axis of this mirror is in the direction of the center of the opening to the center of its group on the screen. The radius of curvature is about the distance of the shadow-mask from the screen. Each such mirror has on its outside periphery a shield 9 in FIG. 3 so that light only from its group will hit the mirror and will be reflected back to its group. The shield is of cylindrical shape and its axis coincides with the mirror axis. There is no interference with the electron beams. It .may also be noted that the thickness of the shadow-mask at the opening to the electron-beams pass is zero.

The shadow-mask structure is made by the photochemical process, known in the art. On top of the shadow-mask material a light-sensitive coating is spread. A negative containing the necessary information is placed on top of such material. The negative is black where the opening is and gradually lighter toward the rim of each unit. The negative is exposed to light, which will affect the light sensitive coating. After removing the negative, the coating is developed in a solution, which dissolves the coating in a more or less degree as required by the negative. An etch is now used which will produce the desired openings and concavities in the shadow-mask. The shadow-mask is then covered with any mirrorizing material. The shield structure which is of non-reflective material is made in a similar manner by the same process. It is attached, in register, to the shadow-mask, by any convenient means and the whole structure is installed in the tube. The shield structure is held together by the intervening spaces shown by number 14in FIG. 8. These spaces also cover the spaces on the shadow-mask and make them nomreflective, so that only the concave mirrors on the shadow-mask refleet light.

In FIG. 4 another form of this invention is shown where the shadowmask structure toward the screen is the same as in FIG. 2 and 3 but in addition has also an aluminized center part 11 of the mirror, being located on the side of the shadow-mask toward the electron gun, covering the opening, aluminum being transparent to electron-beams. The making of this center part mirror is substantially the same as in still another embodi ment shown in FIG. 7 and described below. Adjacent to the phosphor screen 5 containing the groups of different phosphors on the side toward the gun are concave mirrors 13 in aluminized form in the shape of essentially half spheres. Each such mirror covers its own group. In the making of this embodiment, an electroconductive-light transmissive material 12, like Nitrocellulose, Nesa, etc. is spread on the phosphor screen. A form is made containing the concavities of the mirrors by the photo-chemical process, using the shadowmask on the screen as a reference. This form is pressed on the screen and the material 12 will assume the desired shape. After removing the form and drying the material 12, the aluminizing is performed. The shadowmask of this tube is of the conventional type. This mode will also invert the image and superimpose the color dots and produce a better quality picture.

In still another form, this invention is applied to big screen, projection color-television as shown in FIG. 9.

The big screen 15 whereon the picture is projected is made of a translucent material like ground glass, wax paper, etc. In back of it, away from the viewer, essentially half spherical concave full mirrors 16 are placed, one mirror for each group. These mirrors will invert and superimpose the images upon the color dots of each group. A conventional shadow-mask type projection tube is used. If any of the aforementioned embodiments were used this form would not be necessary.

I claim: 1. A color television tube having means for forming a picture on a screen, including:

an electron gun structure; deflection circuits; a shadow mask; a screen having a plurality of groups of at least 2 phosphor dots, each group cooperating with an aperture in said shadow mask, each dot emitting in response to impinging electrons differently colored light both forward and backward; concave mirror means on said shadow mask, including for each group a concave reflecting surface, each said reflecting surface being fixedly positioned in the tube on the shadow mask and surrounding an aperture thereof relative to the corresponding group and having a radius of curvature arranged to receive and reflect backward light from the phosphors of each group to project a real and inverted image of each group back to the same group. 

1. A color television tube having means for forming a picture on a screen, including: an electron gun structure; deflection circuits; a shadow mask; a screen having a plurality of groups of at least 2 phosphor dots, each group cooperating with an aperture in said shadow mask, each dot emitting in response to impinging electrons differently colored light both forward and backward; concave mirror means on said shadow mask, including for each group a concave reflecting surface, each said reflecting surface being fixedly positioned in the tube on the shadow mask and concentric with an aperture thereof relative to the corresponding group and having a radius of curvature arranged to receive and reflect backward light from the phosphors of each group to project a real and inverted image of each group back to the same group. 